Gydymas lenkai pečių sustaines

Nepaisant analizei naudotų duomenų heterogeniškumo skirtingos AR formos, skirtinga gydymo trukmė ir kt. Pamačiau didžiosios katedros duris. Nauji šio vitamino tyrimai leidžia abejoti šios medžiagos kaip vitamino poveikiu organizme.

Šis baigiamasis darbas yra susijęs su vertimo aspektais, kai retorinės figūros anafora ir antitezėskirtingų politikų panaudotos angliškose politinėse kalbose, verčiamos į lietuvių kalbą. Atkreipiant dėmesį į vertimo strategijas ir vertimo problemas buvo išanalizuotos septynios angliškos politinės kalbos ir jų lietuviski vertimai.

Siekiant aptarti lietuviškus angliškų politinių kalbų vertimus darbe vartojami Davies vertimo strategijų terminai.

Artigos de revistas: "Gydymas pratimais" – Grafiati

Siekiant atlikti politinių kalbų analizę buvo pasirinkti lyginamasis ir kontrastinis analizės būdai. Pirmiausia, buvo lyginama originalo ištrauka su gydymas lenkai pečių sustaines lietuvišku atitikmeniu, atsižvelgiant į vertimo strategijas, kurios buvo panaudotos vertimo metu. Antra, originalo ištrauka ir jos lietuviška atitikmuo buvo supriešpriešinami tam, kad būtų įmanoma įžvelgti kaip ir kodėl tam tikri aspektai vertimo metu buvo pakeisti.

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Pagrindinis šio darbo tikslas yra įžvelgti dviejų kalbų panašumus ir skirtumus būtent politinėje retorikoje. Taip pat labai svarbu išanalizuoti įtikinėjimo priemones, kurios dažniausiai naudojamos tiek anglų tiek lietuvių politinėje retorikoje.

Disertacijos hipotezė yra tokia: kadangi nagrinėjamos kalbos struktūriškai yra labai skirtingos, retorinių figūrų vertimas iš angliškų politinių kalbų į lietuviškas bus su stipriais struktūriniais ir stilistiniais nukrypimais.

Struktūriniai kalbų skirtumai leidžia daryti prielaidą, kad atsiras daug skirtumų įvairiuose vertimo aspektuose. Darbas yra suskirstytas į šešias pagrindines dalis, taip pat yra pridėti septini priedai. Pirmas skyrius pristato pagrindinę darbo temą, uždavinius, pagrindinį tikslą ir hipotezę. Antras, trečias ir ketvirtas skyriai pristato teorinę medžiagą, kuri yra artimai susijusi su darbo praktine dalimi.

Kiekvienas teorinis skyrius yra suskirstytas į smulkesnius skyrius tam, kad teorinė medžiaga būtų išnagrinėta kuo detaliau. Penktasis skyrius yra suskirstytas, kuris yra suskirstytas į du mažesnius skyrius, pristato dviejų retorinių figūrų analizę angliškose kalbose ir jų vertimuose. Šeštas skyrius — tai išvados, kuriose pristatomi analizės rezultatai.

Agn - Po Kait - MD

Prie darbo pridedami ir septini priedai. Kiekvienas iš jų — tai angliška politinė kalba ir lietuviškas vertimas. Seven political speeches in English and their Lithuanian translations were analyzed from the perspective of translation strategies and translation problems.

In order to carry out the analysis of the chosen political speeches comparative as well as contrastive analysis were chosen. Firs, the original extract and its translation were compared taking into consideration the issues of translation strategies that have been used in the process of translating. Second, the original extract and its translation were contrasted in order to notice how and why some aspects in the translation have been changed.

The main goal of the present paper is to see the differences and similarities of the two languages when dealing with political rhetoric.

2011,4 (57) - Klaipėdos universitetas

Moreover, it is extremely important to examine persuasive tools that are used most frequently in political rhetoric both in English and in Lithuanian. The hypothesis of the paper is the following: as the two languages structurally are very different, translations of rhetorical figures in English political texts will contain many structural and stylistic deviations.

Structural differences of the two languages raise hypothesis that a number of differences in many aspects will appear. The present work is divided into six main sections and contains seven appendices. Section 1 introduces the main topic, aims, the main goal and hypothesis of the thesis. Section 2, 3 and 4 introduces theoretical approaches that are closely interconnected with the analytical part of the study.

Each theoretical Section is further subdivided into smaller sub-sections in order to present more detailed examination of the relevant theory. Section 5, which is also sub-divided into two sub- sections, presents actual analysis of the two rhetorical figures in English political speeches and their translations.

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Section 6, the conclusions, present the findings of the analytical part of the work. There are seven appendices added to the work. Each of them contains English political speech and its Lithuanian translation. To deliver a good speech requires special knowledge since a good public speech must be well organized and it must fulfill its communicative function to the full.

Persuasion in various fields of communication has been studied for more than 2, years, yet it is still paid a great importance among modern scholars. The most important consideration in connection to persuasive speeches is to raise a question what function a speech is going to perform and how to achieve it successfully.

T U R I N Y S MĖNESINIS LEIDINYS LIETUVOS MEDIKAMS

However, if persuasion is used carelessly, it may even destroy the speaker. It is also important to note that all languages have their own tools and ways how to produce a successful public speech. Persuasive speeches need special attention since different persuasive tools are employed in different languages.

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As the systems of different languages may vary greatly, the way in which they achieve the same purpose may vary as well. Therefore, it is worth accurate investigation how language systems work to achieve the same persuasive communicative purpose.

The koju skausmas kraujagysles concentrates on how different persuasive tools function in English political rhetoric and how they are transferred into Lithuanian.

Moreover, translation strategies that are employed in the process of translation are observed and the specific problems that arise to Lithuanian translators while translating the meaning and structure of English political rhetoric namely, anaphora and antithesis are pointed out.

In order to examine the specific issues that were mentioned in this section, the paper concentrates on relevant literature survey and the practical analysis of English and Lithuanian political speeches. These are the main goals that will be taken in consideration in this paper.

The main aim is basically related to the analytical part of the paper because only accurate analysis can gydymas lenkai pečių sustaines to reach a specific aim.

When the goals of the paper are reached, the main task of the paper is to reveal the existing differences in the two variants ST and TT in connection to rhetorical figures found in political discourse. As the main aim is to see the differences and similarities of the two languages when dealing with political rhetoric, it can be said that the paper employs gydymas lenkai pečių sustaines analysis. On the other hand, it is very important not only to show the differences and similarities but also to make a contrast in order to present more accurate examination of the data.

Thus, the paper also uses contrastive analysis to reach the main liaudies gynimo sąnarių tepimo. Moreover, the analytical part concentrates on persuasive tools that are used most frequently in political rhetoric. From the possible results of the analytical part of the paper the hypothesis can be raised.

As the two languages structurally are very different, translations of rhetorical figures in English political texts will contain many structural and stylistic deviations. Structural differences of the two gydymas lenkai pečių sustaines let us hypothesize that a number of differences in many aspects will appear.

First, the effect of Lithuanian translation of English rhetorical figure may be very different because it is very possible that it is translated not as rhetorical figure into Lithuanian. Second, as it is expected that rhetorical figure of English text can be translated as non-rhetorical structure in Lithuanian, it is very common that translation strategies will be employed in the process of translation. It is very possible that English rhetorical gydymas lenkai pečių sustaines can be translated using literal translation into Lithuanian.

Gydymas lenkai pečių sustaines third, specific translation problems will appear because of differences between the two languages. It is supposed that the main problem that can arise is pragmatic translation problem, because the pragmatic effect of political rhetoric is the most important. Thus, the analytical part of the paper will prove the hypothesis as correct or as incorrect depending on different findings. The paper limits itself to the analysis of rhetorical devises found in English political speeches, that is, it tries to reveal if the translators preserve the same function of them, what translation strategies do they use and what problems do they encounter in the process of translation.

In order to make a research, 7 political speeches delivered by different politicians and their translations are chosen. The work includes two parts: theoretical and analytical. Theoretical part discusses functions of public speaking and rhetoric together with its reflection in political discourse.

There is also presented an important theoretical background on persuasion in political discourse.

Moreover, the theoretical part also includes some considerations on translation strategies 8 proposed by various scholars from the field of translation, concentrating on one specific scholar in the field of translation. Moreover, as it is very relevant to the main purpose of the thesis, the paper also includes the main problems that are found by different translators in the process of translation in general. Each of these big parts is subdivided into smaller sub-sections. The analytical part of the paper includes actual analysis of rhetorical figures anaphora and antithesis in English political speech and their equivalents in its Lithuanian translation.

Furthermore, it also reveals translation strategies and translation problems that are encountered by the translators. The examples from political speeches in English and Lithuanian will be described and analyzed using theoretical material on rhetoric, rhetorical figures, translation strategies and translation problems.

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And finally, the results will be summed up and appropriate conclusions will be drawn. As a result, the power that can be gained through a persuasive speech is often demonstrated in political public speaking all over the world. Koženiauskienė enumerates a contemporary classification of public speeches according to their functions. She states that there exist three main functions of public speaking: informative, appellant and emotional Koženiauskienė Thus, it is not difficult to predict that each function has its own characteristics realized through different linguistic and stylistic means in a particular speech.

The main function of this kind of speech is to provide any kind of information. By definition it becomes clear that informative speeches must be pre-planned and thought over in advance.

They, of course, affect thoughts of the audience; help to understand something and to make appropriate conclusions. As Koženiauskienė 58 points out the main stylistic characteristics of informative speeches are the following: logical expression of thoughts, consistency, accuracy, objectivity and logical generalizations.

Thus, it can be stated that informative speech should be as simple as possible and it should not provide any assumptions.

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As the stylistic features indicate the main purpose of such kind of public speaking is to present well prepared and organized facts that flow into a speech as the main information and goal of the speech itself. Anderson 1 states that the purpose of the informative speech is to provide interesting, useful and unique information to the audience.

An illustration of informative speech can be various presentations, lectures, lessons, explanations etc. Mike Palmquit argues that informative speeches can even be of several types: informative speeches about objects, processes, events or concepts.

He also states that this categorization provides an effective method of organizing informative speech Mike Palmquit The statement implies that each informative speech must fit into one of four major categories. However, this statement can be contradicted because a particular informative speech may fit to more than one of these categories. In this particular case, political speech, gydymas lenkai pečių sustaines an informative speech, may be ascribed to an informative speech 10 of all these categories.

It is the same as political speech may be both informative and persuasive. It implies that informative political speeches cannot be understood as performing only informative function in this case.

Example of political informative speech is the following: 1 Overnight, the news came through that as well as continuing conflict in the Lebanon, Britain's Armed Forces suffered losses in Iraq and Afghanistan.

lūžis chrying audinys gydymas

One can notice that this extract is clearly informative because only pure information is presented without any emotional appeals or persuasive tools.

Therefore, the example corresponds to the definition of informative speech presented by Koženiauskienėin respect that it is logical, useful and accurate. Political speeches are supposed to present some kind of information actually every speech is informative by nature. Although politicians present their speeches loaded with information, yet this information is often coloured and accompanied with persuasive elements and often presented with slight emotional appeals.

As the function of such speeches is to gydymas lenkai pečių sustaines to the audience, thus the process should be as natural and listener-friendly as possible. Therefore, appellant speeches should be presented orally and without reading a prepared presentation paper Koženiauskienė